101 Solution Examples and Structure Professor Ramos Blog

101 Solution Examples and Structure Making Structure Speedy Write What is Academic Writing? The article â€Å"What is Academic Writing?† is a short prologue to the thinking of you will be required to do in school. The article starts by tending to regular fantasies about what scholarly composing is. Which ones have you heard before? Think of a couple of more legends, or thoughts of composing, that you have heard previously. Fantasy #1: The â€Å"Paint by Numbers† legend Fantasy #2: Writers possibly begin composing when they have everything made sense of Legend #3: Perfect first drafts Legend #4: Some got it; I don’t-the virtuoso deception Legend #5: Good language is acceptable composition Legend #6: The Five Paragraph Essay Legend #7: Never use â€Å"I† Irvin cites an examination by Lee Ann Carroll about the composing understudies do in school: What are normally called ‘writing assignments’ in school may all the more precisely be called ‘literacy tasks’ (7). What do you think she implies here? In a short passage, compose what you think the creator is stating. Information on Research Skills The Ability to Read Complex Texts The Understanding of Key Disciplinary Concepts Techniques for Synthesizing, Analyzing, and Reacting Critically to New Information Scholastic Writing Is an Argument To begin, let’s center around contention. I'm not catching it's meaning to introduce a â€Å"argument† in school composing? As opposed to a yelling match between two differing sides, contention rather implies a deliberately organized and bolstered introduction of a perspective. Its motivation isn't such a great amount to win the contention as to win your audience’s thought (and even endorsement) of your point of view. Qualities of Academic Writing Clear proof recorded as a hard copy that the writer(s) have been tireless, liberal, and restrained in study. (5) The predominance of reason over feelings or erotic observation. (5) An envisioned peruser who is coolly judicious, perusing for data, and expecting to plan a contemplated reaction. (7) Your educator needs to see these three things in your composition Arrangement Argument Examples One case of an answer contention article that we have recently talked about in this class is â€Å"The Danger of a Single Story† by Chimamanda Adichie. To cite a CNN article on the Danger of a Single Story: Nigerian creator Chimamanda Adichie has confidence in the intensity of stories, and cautions that meeting just one about a people or country prompts numbness. She says the fact of the matter is uncovered by numerous stories. She delineates this with a tale about going to the United States, as a white collar class girl of a teacher and a director, and meeting her school flat mate. Adichie says that her roommate’s â€Å"default position toward me, as an African, was a sort of disparaging, benevolent, feel sorry for. My flat mate had a solitary story of Africa. A solitary story of catastrophe.† Adichie additionally tells how experiencing childhood in Nigeria perusing just American and English children’s books made her hard of hearing to her legitimate voice. As a kid, she expounded on such things as blue-peered toward white youngsters eating apples, thinking earthy colored skin and mangos had no spot in writing. That changed as she found African essayists, especially the Nigerian Chinua Achebe. This is an incredible statement that features a portion of the moves we have to do in our article. It sums up her theme, issue she is tending to, and arrangement; including models she employments. Topic: Many individuals don't understand that they are getting just a single story. A solitary story is deficient and she says hazardous. Problem: Having a solitary anecdote about an issue or gathering of individuals prompts generalizations and fragmented data. Solution: To search for numerous accounts of whatever issue or subject you are hearing. She suggests we get our news and stories from numerous points of view. Reasons and evidence: She gives models from her own life to feature that she has an individual association. Background: She gives foundation data, refering to statements and models that place her issue in a recorded setting. She additionally utilizes current guides to put the issue in a contemporary setting. Crowd Who do you think her crowd is? What do they esteem? Does she address those qualities? Test Essays Clicking Originality Away: Social Media’s Effect On Young Female’s Self Esteem Papers Please! The Illegal Immigration Problem Making Structure Structure is essential to making a contention. It should be purposeful and efficient. You can't appear to be in effect everywhere. A contention needs request all together for the crowd to track. Here is one potential layout to use to assemble your paper: Position (proposal) Foundation Reason with proof Reason with proof Reason with proof Reason with proof Counterargument with nullification End with so what question tending to crowd

The Lake Essays - Human-powered Watercraft, Kayak,

The Lake It was the center of springtime and opposite my home where the episode occurred. There was a lake there in which my sibling and I wanted to investigate now and again. The dampness and waterdrops where suggestive of a completely practical sauna. The surge of warmth and consuming sparkle of the sun was constant. In any case, this reality didn't trouble us the slightest bit, yet gave us progressively motivating force to hit the dance floor with our cool and grasping tragically deceased love. The initial step of this activity was ensuring that our neighbors had left from the house for in any event two hours. Since it was their lake and property, this made it ok for us in not getting trapped in the center of our caper. Upon this, my sibling and I snuck to their terrace like two covert cops, until we were free. Nerve-wracking minutes after the fact, streamed the emerald green and energetic lake before us. We halted and featured in wonder. The lake had showed up so sparkly and intelligent, it took after a finely-cut precious stone. The uncommon and particular aroma allured us. It possessed an aroma like the unstoppable force of life herself, with smells going from natural life and wet grass, to dissipated bog water and sound soil. At that point, the ideal opportunity for us to locate the ideal vessel showed up. We picked the kayaks, and set out for the water. Cautiously, with our torn-pants moved up, and shirts off, we hauled the huge thing over the incline of grass and mud into the shallow stream. We at that point bounced on board, got the paddles, and skimmed and sprinkled into no place. The wavy current sucked us downstream, occasionally bobbing us off of sandbags and sharp branches hanging over the water-Now that was genuine experience! Minutes afterward, my sibling and I, in the wake of going under numerous channels and passages, drifted into an enormous circular drive of water, with an island in the inside. In our surprise, we rowed there as enthusiastically as babies figuring out how to swim. We attached the kayaks to a slight branch with the vile green rope strangely joined to them, and bounced onto the island. We lolled in unadulterated shock. After the rhythm settled, we began our normal charitable daily schedule. My sibling and I sat on the sloppy bank, with our feet plunged in water, furthermore, discarded stones out as far as possible in our serious nature. We put aside our disparities, and together, fortified. My recently discovered buddy furthermore, I sat, giggled, battled, played, and talked, as the sun gradually left us. Now it didn't make a difference what befell us for taking the kayaks, since whatever it was, it couldn't supplant the invaluable experience we imparted to each other.

What Are Gilded Age Essay Sample?

What Are Gilded Age Essay Sample?Many Gilded Age Essay Sample questions are hard and the data used for question types may be very complex. Often times you will have to use the same research techniques to answer them as you would to an IQ test. Many times people who take these tests are really not ready for it, and it is something that can completely change their life.The Gilded Age Essay samples usually do not give you enough detail to answer the questions. In fact, they are sometimes even too vague to be able to answer them properly. You need to find answers by going through a lot of different sources in order to be sure that you are doing it correctly. Just having a course book is not enough.The writing has to be new and you need to go back to your old sources and see what they have to say about what you are writing. If you want to keep things original then you have to give yourself a lot of time. The whole point of these exams is to get a lot of practice over a long period of time . Your practice should be well thought out and planned.The old ways of going through essay samples will not be enough to prepare you for these exams. These methods will help you learn the basics but they do not really prepare you for the hard questions on these exams. These old methods will also not prepare you for how to research and look for the answer.This is why you will have to use some new techniques to help you with your essay writing. It is important that you study new ways to get the best results from your study materials. In most cases the good old methods are no longer acceptable because of all the new standards that are in place. This is where the new method of writing essays comes in.You should use new methods to help you answer the questions on these exams and even to write good stories and reports. You should use this knowledge to take advantage of your opportunities to write for a living. The students who were smart enough to use these methods to answer the exams had to be extremely lucky.When you study for the Gilded Age Essay samples you should make sure that you use the same methods that the people in those books use. These are the same people who were writing these books in the 1800's. There is a good chance that they wrote the essays using the same methods that you will be using today.When the test comes up, make sure that you know how to use these tests to get a high score on your test. You should try to write a good essay and then use the review questions to improve your skills and answers. It is important that you go back and start over again and do this for all of the Gilded Age Essay samples that you study and write for.

The Geology and Archaeology of Sinkholes

A cenote (seh-NOH-tay) is the Maya term for a natural freshwater sinkhole, a geological feature found in the northern Yucatà ¡n Peninsula of Mexico, and other similar landscapes throughout the world. There are no rivers in the Yucatà ¡n; the regular high rainfall (1,300 mm or about 50 inches of rain falls every year) simply trickles through its calcareous landscape. Once below ground, the water forms a thin layer of water called a lens aquifer. Those aquifers flow horizontally, carving sinuous underground caves, and when the ceilings of those caves collapse, sinkhole openings to the surface are created. To be perfectly pedantic about it, the word cenote is a Spanish transliteration of the Maya word dzonoot or tsonot, which translates to water-filled cavity or natural well. Classifying Your Cenote Four general types of cenotes are defined in the geological literature: Open cenote or doline: a cylindrical shape with a large mouth and steep vertical walls (cenotes cilindricos in Spanish)Bottle-shaped or jug-shaped cenotes: a constricted mouth with a wider subsurface container (cenotes cà ¡ntaro)Aguada-like cenotes: shallow water basins, typically degraded from a bottle or open cenotes (cenotes aguadas)Cavern cenotes: subterranean galleries with at least one cavity, access to which is a narrow opening that resembles a toads mouth (grutas) Uses of Cenotes As the only natural source of freshwater, cenotes are and were essential resources to people living in the Yucatà ¡n. Prehistorically, some cenotes were exclusively domestic, reserved for drinking water; others were exclusively sacred with their locations kept secret. A few, like the Great Cenote at Chichà ©n Itzà ¡, were sacred sites that served a number of religious purposes, including but not exclusively ritual sacrifice. To the ancient Maya, cenotes were passageways to the underground world of Xibalba. They were often also associated with the rain god Chaac, and sometimes said to be his dwelling place. Settlements grew up around many cenotes, and they were often part of or directly connected to the most important monumental architecture of the Maya capitals. Today cenotes are often fitted with an electric well, to allow people to easily draw water to the surface, which is then used for cultivation, agriculture or livestock. Field houses are built near them to support farming activities; shrines and masonry chapels are often found nearby. Some have developed complex water control features, tanks, and troughs. Alexander (2012) reports that cenotes are intimately tied to specific family groups, and often are the subject of ownership disputes over such issues as conservation and preservation. Yucatà ¡n Peninsula Cenotes Cenote formation in the Yucatà ¡n dates back several millions of years  when the Yucatà ¡n Peninsula was still below sea level. A prominent ring of cenotes results from the Chicxulub asteroid impact of 65 million years ago. The Chicxulub asteroid impact is often credited at least partly with killing off the dinosaurs. The impact crater is 180 kilometers (111 miles) in diameter and 30 meters (88 feet) deep, and along its outer limits is a ring of limestone karst deposits into which are eroded jug-shaped and vertical-walled cenotes. The Holbox-Xel-Ha fracture system in the northeastern coast of the Yucatà ¡n captures water from the east of the peninsula and feeding underground rivers and creating cavern and Aguada cenotes. Cenotes are still being created today: the most recent was July 2010, when a cave roof collapse in Campeche state created a 13 m (43 ft) wide, 40 m (131 ft) deep hole subsequently named el Hoyo de Chencoh. Non-Maya Cenotes Sinkholes are not exclusive to Mexico, of course, they are found throughout the world. Sinkholes are associated with legends on Malta (the legendary Maqluba collapse is thought to have occurred in the 14th century AD); and Lewis Carrolls Alice falling into Wonderland is thought to have been inspired by the sinkholes in Ripon, North Yorkshire. Sinkholes which are tourist attractions include North America:  Bottomless Lakes State Park and Bitter Lakes National Wildlife Refuge in New Mexico; Leon Sinks in Florida;  the submarine  Great Blue Hole  (Caribbean Sea);  Ik Kil  cenote in the Yucatan peninsula is a big draw to cliff divers.Europe: Lagunas de Canada del Hoyo (Spain), Modro Jezero (Red Lake) in Croatia;  and Il-Majjistral Nature and History Park in Malta.   Recent Cenote Research One is Rani Alexanders (2012) article about the changes in farming practices in the Yucatà ¡n during the historical period, including the changing roles of cenotes. Traci Ardrens paper on child sacrifice highlights the Maya mythology of the Great Cenote of Chichen Itza; Little Salt Spring (Clausen 1979) is a cenote in southwest Florida, where Paleoindian and Archaic use has been established. Charlotte de Hoogds MA on Chichen Itzas sacred well is worth a look. Some recent papers such as Munro and Zurita describe concerns about the worldwide protection and conservation efforts to counter increasing pressure from intensive tourist development, urban expansion and the non-indigenous use of the cenotes, particularly in the Yucatan, where pollution threatens to destroy the peninsulas only potable water source. Source: Alexander R. 2012. Prohibido Tocar Este Cenote: The Archaeological Basis for the Titles of Ebtun. International Journal of Historical Archaeology 16(1):1-24. doi: 10.1007/s10761-012-0167-0 Ardren T. 2011. Empowered Children in Classic Maya Sacrificial Rites. Childhood in the Past 4(1):133-145. doi: 10.1179/cip.2011.4.1.133 Chase AF, Lucero LJ, Scarborough VL, Chase DZ, Cobos R, Dunning NP, Fedick SL, Fialko V, Gunn JD, Hegmon M et al. 2014. 2 Tropical Landscapes and the Ancient Maya: Diversity in Time and Space. Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association 24(1):11-29. doi: 10.1111/apaa.12026 Clausen CJ, Cohen AD, Emiliani C, Holman JA, and Stipp JJ. 1979. Little Salt Spring, Florida: A unique underwater site. Science 203(4381):609-613. doi: 10.1126/science.203.4381.609 Cockrell B, Ruvalcaba Sil JL, and Ortiz Dà ­az E. 2014. For Whom the Bells Fall: Metals from the Cenote Sagrado, Chichà ©n Itzà ¡. Archaeometry:n/a-n/a. Coratza P, Galve J, Soldati M, and Tonelli C. 2012. Recognition and assessment of sinkholes as geosites: lessons from the Island of Gozo (Malta). Quaestiones Geographicae 31(1):25-35. de Hoogd C. 2013. Diving the Maya World: Reassessing old excavations with new techniques: a case study on the Sacred Cenote of Chichen Itza. Leiden: University of Leiden. Frontana-Uribe SC, and Solis-Weiss V. 2011. First records of polychaetous annelids from Cenote Aerolito (sinkhole and anchialine cave) in Cozumel Island, Mexico. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies 73(1):1-10. Lucero LJ, and Kinkella A. 2015. Pilgrimage to the Edge of the Watery Underworld: an Ancient Maya Water Temple at Cara Blanca, Belize. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 25(01):163-185. Munro PG, and Zurita MdLM. 2011. The Role of Cenotes in the Social History of Mexicos Yucatà ¡n Peninsula. Environment and History 17(4):583-612. doi: 10.3197/096734011x13150366551616 Wollwage L, Fedick S, Sedov S, and Solleiro-Rebolledo E. 2012. The Deposition and Chronology of Cenote T’isil: A Multiproxy Study of Human/Environment Interaction in the Northern Maya Lowlands of Southeast Mexico. Geoarchaeology 27(5):441-456.

Essay on ethical and racial identity

Racial and Ethical Development and Identity Abstract Ethical and racial identity is a very important part of a total framework of collective and individual identity. Looking at the minority group in countries like the United States, ethical and racial identities are demonstrated in extremely cognizant ways. This demonstration is mostly generated with two contradictory cultural and social influences. To begin with, deep conscious immersion into cultural values and traditions through educational, neighborhood, familial, and religious communities instills a positive logic of confidence and ethnic identity. Secondly, individuals repeatedly must sieve ethnic identity via media messages and negative handling from others for their ethnicity and race. The information above affirms that the individuals with the status of minorities are largely disadvantaged in the society. Other groups, for example, white Americans, patent racial and ethnic identity in ways that are mostly unconscious through their assumptions, beliefs and behaviors. This is so because for those societal standards are build priorities, values, cultural, ethical, and racial frameworks then they refer to this combination as culture of Standard America and not an identity of ethnicity. This is evident every day in ways of life of the Americans, and their attitudes and behaviors. In most of the minority norms and cultures, they rarely install particular identities in line with ethnicity. However, this paper signifies that ethnic identity and multicultural framework are very essential for learners in the learning surroundings. Thus, this essay reviews appropriate ethnic and racial identity literature to enhanced comprehension in what way it appraises adult learning. Definition of Ethnic and Racial Identity The paradigms of ethnicity and race in America are difficult and complex to frame and define. This is a topic that is widely discussed in philosophy, theology, literature and Psychology among other field hence different expects have come up with different definitions making the demarcation of terms even harder (Harris 2). Racial identity in itself has been understood as others get the meaning from its social dimension while others get the meaning from its biological dimension where the quality of personality, gene pools and physical characteristics of an individual defines an individual (Spickard 14). Employing these characteristic distinguishing features, Europeans majorly group persons hierarchically by moral qualities and physical abilities, with the leading being Caucasians then Asians, Native Americans and lastly Africans at the bottom of the ethnic ladder. Nevertheless, if we look past these features, racial groups have more resemblances than variances (Littlefield, Lieberman, and Reynolds 35). However, today, definitions of social dimension are the most dominant (Helms 3). This is where most people distinguish themselves as different from others basing on their skin color. In most cases, the color of the skin plays a very big role of how certain individuals are handled. Therefore, ethnic distinctiveness is also a social difference or contrast. Actually, skin color identifies a person with a portion of a society hence functioning as an identity card. This group defined by color share cultures, norms and sometimes origin where they can be taught about themselves and sometimes other persons which makes these segments important in a way (Yinger 200). Whether unconsciously or consciously individuals will identify themselves with a group or people with whom they feel they share a common connection out of similar beliefs, values, behaviors and traditions. This segments that connect people allow them proudly know who they are and find the world around them meaningful. Conversely, there are situations where an individual feels shameful and disconnection when they are identifies with a certain group especially in situations where negative ethnicity is observable giving negative public messages room to dominate. Thus, ethnic distinctiveness development entails an individual moving in the direction of a greatly conscious relation with their traditions, beliefs, behaviors, and cultural values. Racial and ethnic identity models offer a theoretical assembly for individuals to understand and appreciate their mediation and that of other cultures as well. Models of Racial and Ethnic Identity Development Theories and models of ethnic and racial identity progress have speedily increased in the last two decades as most people are coming to terms with the fact that the United States is more racially and ethnically diverse. Additionally, there are many other psychological and social theories that try extensively to define the ‘self’ and they too agree this is a term that is difficult to define (Evans, Forney, and Guido-DiBrito 84; Helms 57). Thus, both cognitive and psychological structural models are phase models that allow growth in a stepwise development, while up-to-date models define ethnic and racial identity to be a lifelong process. Development of Racial Identity The original intent for development of these models was ensuring that the experience of the blacks in the United States is understood. One of these models is that of Cross (1971) where he shows a fit black progressing starting as a non-Afrocentric then progresses to Afrocentric and lastly multicultural distinctiveness. This transformation involves persons moving from whole ignorance of race via accepting the black culture totally heading to commitment to numerous cultures in addition to addressing all oppressed groups concerns. Cross’s model is a very imperative part of delineation ethnic identity as a vibrant progression as inclined with persons in a specific ethnic group and others and it recognizes multiculturalism and ethnocentric frames. However, the major weakness of this model by Cross is that he starts that blacks are unaware of the race of others and even their own race before they experience or know identity Another model is that by Parma (1989). For him, racial or ethnic identity development cycle is a lifelong activity that goes on continuously for blacks. His theory suggests that persons go through feelings of anger towards whites that leads to development of a positive black reference frame. As a result, bicultural realization and objective racial identity is achieved. Parham relays white people directly to black identity in a manner that moves the blacks from the unconscious to conscious. It goes on to emphasize that when blacks disagree with the Western culture and/or the negative treatment received from other because of the differences in color, they develop self-consciousness and feelings of being different from others which leads to consciousness or awareness of racial identity. Nevertheless, Parham’s model promotes a sense of development or progression. Additionally, it shows that there is growth from unconsciousness to consciousness in relation to racial identity. The w eakness of this model is its statement that the principle cause of racial identity development is exposure to racial differences that cannot be avoided. Relatively, we consider the chief trigger for separable racial identity is engagement in one’s own racial devolution and group of a racial self via that entanglement. Next is Helms (1993-1995) that is credited for developing another model of white racial identity. The model she came up assumes that the presence of institutional, cultural, and individual racism accepts white superiority. In fact, she shows that stages are a limiting factor since one individual is capable of being in more than one specific stage at a particular time. Her initial three standings outline clearly how a white individual evolutions and distances themselves from a frame of racism before they find out a non-racist identity as whites. The strong part of this model is its emphasis that racial identity development strongly relies on interracial exposure. However, its weakness is that does not distinguish between racial identity development and a non-racist frame development leading to confusion. Helms gives evidence that whites ration identity revolves around their behaviors, feelings and perceptions towards black persons instead of consciousness and development of an authent ic white racial identity. The Helms, Parham and Cross models of racial identities all discuss and debate self-racial perception and a connection between racial awareness of others. Therefore, it is evident that every individual’s self-consideration of ethnic and racial identity is imperative. Additionally, how we look and perceive others plays a very big role in consciousness and development. Ethnic Identity Development This is another model that mainly focuses on what community and family teaches persons about their culture. Thus, there can be no ethnicity without shared geography, religion, language and culture. Moreover, people of one ethnicity are connected by kinship, proximity and strong loyalty (Torres 85). Elements that comprise learned culture include behavior, symbols, and rituals that patent themselves from fundamental assumptions, beliefs and values (Ott 127). Thus, commonalities that are expected within a specific group are specified by models of identity development. Three of these concepts are what we have discussed as this concept’s representative. Walking Stickk Garrett and Garrett (1994) gives a descriptive or expressive model of Native Americans worldview and identity. They propose a number of elements of Native American perspectives and ethnic values comprising the meaning of humor, balance, harmony, spirituality and tribe. For examples, elders are a very important part of Native Americans life as they are used for reference and they are highly honored by their members who take culture seriously and identify with it. Therefore, individuals in Native America become more useful to the community as they grow older since they are considered to have gathered much wisdom that they ought to share with others in the tribe. Walking Stick Garrett and Garrett’s model is therefore useful in making available some logic of communal patterns and structures of Native American’s worldview, identity, and values. Moreover, they compare each native element with major culture, discuss how cultural immersion contributes to Native i dentity development nature, and suggest how one can successfully work with clients from Native America. However, it is imperative to note that each ethnic population can have its own differences which sometimes are very huge hence all the models mentioned are only guides to some of the ways in which ethnic identity manifests itself. Katz (1989) identifies 15 distinct perspectives and values of identifying white American culture in her evocative and descriptive model of worldview and ethnic identity. This is spread from a notion of time that is guarded and linear as a product or service, to a win-loss alignment that is connected to the competition value. White American individuals also seem to reward and value autonomy and independence. More so, Katz goes ahead to state that individuals in this class or with these believes mentioned cannot comprehend shared culture or even connect well to others. I find this model to be more objective as it does not hold the idea that all whites were born racists. However, it does not clearly state the steps that the whites go through to form an identity in ethnic line. Furthermore, this model does not address absent or activators of ethnic identity consciously. Phinney (1990) comes up with another model that she considers better than the rest as she argues that it can apply to all groups. Phinney states that every ethnic group has conflict thatcome about because of their being members of a group that is not dominant and these must be resolved. To begin with, groups that are less dominant must resolution the prejudicial and stereotypical of the white population that is dominant towards individuals of non-dominant group which leads to creating of a dangerto their self-concept. Secondly, the resolved value system clash between dominant and non-dominant groups is imperative since it gives the minority group a chance to discuss bicultural value organizations or systems. This model is advantageous in that it recognizes actual consciousness triggers and outlines facing ethnic self-concept. Nonetheless, it lacks a discussion of the positive and critical elements of absorption into an individual’s culture. Additionally, the resolution of the issues outlined largely depends on the cultures strength. Our experience demonstrates this. Alicia, who is Native American and Hispano, was raised in northern New Mexico which is her ancestral home. This village of Taos is really isolated allowing its members opportunities to hold majority of positions both in the government and educational sector. Additionally, there are versed business opportunities. Moreover, relationship, time and other aspects in daily routine of culture are basically a combination of both Hispano and Native American culture. Thus, Alicia could constantly refer to her culture even when away from home as it molded her. This was a big challenge for her when she went to the United States to study as she could not get why some things were happening in a certain manner. She also realized that her culture is viewed differently which awakened a consciousness to the ethnicity of others and hers as well (Chavez 107). On the other hand, Florence made efforts to resolve her ethnicity issues by understanding the Italian culture well and also took her time to understand other cultures in climbing the social ladder and understood the culture that was dominant. Her daily life involved a mixture of Catholicism rituals, symbols and tangled customs. Habitually these cultural inspirations were interspersed by unambiguousdissimilarities. For example, attending mass early every Sunday as it is with Italian Catholics, roll meatballs with Grandpa Guido for lasagna and plodded grapes together with Guido that would be used for red table wine. On the other hand, mama exhilarated her daughter to join the Cotillion, junior league and stop dating her Mexican lover as a result of German’s influence to South Texan beliefs. Thus, this two cultures awakened in Flo the power to move in the two worlds and cultures present in her world and also developed consciousness of ethnic identity. Implications for Adult Learning It is challenging to understand how environments of education are affected by our ethnically and racially demarcated sense of self, of education and of learning. Complications come about for many international and minority adult learners when they try to transfer learning settings that have been built in an ethnic base of beliefs, behaviors, and values and different from their own ways of doing things. Unfortunately, these ethnic and racial indicators are usually unintentionally applied by peers and educators in the process of learning making them problematic to modify, examine and identify. Those, educators should make an effort to make what is termed as invisible to be visible in their roles as educators and in the learning environment. In addition, educators get a room of developing practices that fit in multiculturalism. Also, multiculturalism manner of doing depending on styles, perspectives and knowledge must be included in a multicultural learning environment. Secondly, a stro ng learning community should be characterized with ability to challenge, support and honor every learner despite their uniqueness and different contributions. Ethnic and racial identities thus have very strong influence to the relationship between learning environment and individual learners. In most cases, white children receive education that cements their culture and ways of life. Thus, these students do not get a chance to learn about other cultures which makes it a struggle for them to adopt to educational environments characterized with multiculturalism. Additionally, there is a great possibility that they might find it tough to communicate with other student from deferent cultures as their communication skills do not develop very well. However, some whites and learners from other groups get the opportunity to experience learning out of their culture, norms and beliefs which makes it possible for them to cope with different learning environments. Therefore, for education to be greatly valuable, it is important to create learning environments that accommodated and respects diverse cultures. These can be achieved by designing individual and collaborative tasks, encouraging discussion and reflective activities, and employing relational, written, visual, and many other styles of learning (Gardner 286). Activities and Curricula must be visibly and consciously multicultural to involve a diversity of knowledge bases and worldviews. Beside, educators should always consider the relationship between how an effective learning environment is defined and the present cultural activities and practices in different communities. They should also consider what a successful learner is characterized with to know the effectiveness of the method employed. In many occasions, educators would feel comfortable when they have established the setting considering their own norms and ignoring multiculturalism. We can also not ignore that the different experiences that learners present to the learning environment largely depends on their ethnic and cultural identities. Thus, this is a major factor in what affects learning environments. Most international and minority members bring about experiences of having to survive or negotiate educational treatment of negative and invisibility stereotyping, lowed expect ations, abuses and sometimes hostility (Ott 72). These individuals therefore get the ability to compare different cultures and give an objective observation. Lastly, educators can build positive communities of multicultural learning by teaching in dependable, self-sharing and rational ways, by offering and encouraging lenient handling of multiple points of view and by enabling a feeling of respectful and humble community for learning in the learning environment. Additionally, educators should help learners grasp the essence of developing multicultural skills and understanding as it largely fuels and enhances the learning experiences. Works Cited Chà ¡vez. A. Weaving My Way: The Cultural Construction of Writing in Higher Education. Journal of Poverty. 1998. Chà ¡vez, A. F., Guido-DiBrito, F., and Mallory, S. Learning to Value the ‘Other’: A Model of Diversity Development. Paper presented at the National Association of Personnel Administrators Conference, Atlanta. 1996. Cross, W. Toward a Psychology of Black Liberation: The Negro-to-Black Con- vengeance Experience. Black World,1971. Cross, W. E., Jr. The Psychology of Nigrescence: Revising the Cross Model. In J. G. Ponterott, J. M. Casas, L. A. Suzuki, and C. M. Alexander (eds.), Handbook of Multi-cultural Counseling. Evans, N. J., Forney, D. S., and Guido-DiBrito, F. Student Development in College: Theory, Research and Application. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. 1998. Garrett, J. T., and Walking Stick Garrett, M. The Path of Good Medicine: Understanding and Counseling Native American Indians. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development. 1994. Gardner, H. Extraordinary Minds: Portraits of Exceptional Individuals and Examination of Our Extraordinariness. New York: Basic Books. 1997. Harris, H. W. Introduction: A Conceptual Overview of Race, Ethnicity and Identity. New York: Routledge. 1995. Helms, J. Introduction: Review of Racial Identity Terminology. In J. E. Helms (ed.). Westport, Conn.:Praeger, 1993. In J. G. Ponterott, J. M. Casas, L. A. Suzuki, and C. M. Alexander (ed.). Handbook of Multicultural Counseling. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage, 1995. Katz, J. H. The Challenge of Diversity. In C. Woolbright (ed.), College Unions at Work, Monograph No. 11, 1–17. Bloomington, Ind.: Association of College Unions- International. 1989. Littlefield, A., Lieberman, L., and Reynolds, L. T. Redefining Race: The Potential Demise of a Concept in Anthropology. Current Anthropology. 1982. O’Hearn, C. C. Half and Half: Writers Growing Up Biracial and Bicultural. New York: Pan- theon Books, 1998. Ott, S. The Organizational Culture Perspective. Chicago: The Dorsey Press, 1989. Parham, T. Cycles of Psychological Nigrescence. The Counseling Psychologist. 1989.

A Report On Net Metering - 1575 Words

Net Metering Any power produced by on-site generators can be used by the customer or cogeneration facility. If there is more electricity generated than is used on-site or in the home that power can travel back through the meter and onto the distribution grid, providing power in those moments for other local customers. Customers feeding electricity back to the grid can present unique challenges for grid operators trying to manage supply and demand efficiently. For example, in cases such as Hawaii’s, unwanted solar energy that utilities are forced to take may add too much energy to an already-taxed system, increasing the risk of voltage spikes. Aside from the challenges for grid operators in balancing the flow of electricity, utilities also†¦show more content†¦Net Metering Policies Currently, 43 states and the District of Columbia have adopted formal net metering policies. While there is some variation, customers are generally reimbursed for the electricity they supply back to the grid at the full retail rate, when utilities could purchase power from local power plants at wholesale prices. But most customers do not supply power to the grid, and this cost shift from net metering customers to others (generally from solar users to non-solar users) has driven discussions on reforming net metering policies nationwide. Finding a fair way to address these issues going forward is essential for promoting long-term equity and reliability in the power grid. Demand-Side Management (DSM) Electricity may be the one industry in which suppliers actively encourage customers to use less of their product, and that is partly due to demand-side management (DSM) policies. DSM policies such as energy efficiency laws encourage or force utilities to sell less electricity, particularly during peak hours when electricity use and electricity prices are highest. 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Communications Surveys and Tutorials †Free Samples to Samples

Question: Discuss about the Communications Surveys and Tutorials. Answer: Introduction The Information Technology have been growing rapidly in the modern market by providing benefits to the business organization. The use of different technologies in the business operation have provided growth in the revenue of the business organization. This report deals with the risks and threats in the business organization after using the different technologies over the internet. This report outlines the different factors that are causing problems in the cyber world. There are some initiatives taken to minimize the identified problems. The security of the data and information over the internet s termed as the cyber security. It has become a serious issue for the business organization all over the world. There is an increase in the number of cyber-attacks all over the world (Von Solms and Van Niekerk, 2013). The installation of the anonymous software has been a big problem for the business organization. The installation of the unwanted software has been stopped that has reduced the hardware crash and other problems (Wang and Lu, 2013). The above figure depicts about the comparison between the data breach and cyber-attack all over the world. It can be analyzed that the ratio of cyber-attacks has been more than the data breach in the companies. The major problem for the cyber security is the threat of viruses and malwares. These viruses and malwares re responsible for the cyber-attacks in the server over the internet (Hahn et al., 2013). The hackers used to hack the websites and online databases of the company by sending phishing mails, viruses and malwares. These types of hackings are used by the hackers to cause data loss of the data and asks for ransom against the data and information (Amin et al., 2013). The multi-disciplinary affairs of the business organization have led to the threats of cybercrime and cyber-attacks in the business organization (Gordon et al., 2015). The cyber security has been continuously evolving in the internet technology sector. The use of the old version of software does not helps in detecting the virus and malwares in the database server of the company (Ayres et al., 2016). This causes the cyber-attacks in the database server and cases huge loss to the data and information of the company. 4 levels of Thinking The four levels of thinking model helps in analyzing the problems and different issues in different fields of operations. The four levels of thinking deals with identifying the factors of the problems. In this case, cyber security has been a prioritized theme for the business organization. The level 1 discusses about the positive feeling regarding the sector. The cyber security has been an important sector for the business organization and has provided many benefits to the organization. The level 2 of thinking deals with the negative feeling for related topics. The cyber-attacks has been causing a huge loss in the data and information of the companies in the market (Herrera, Ron and Rabado, 2017). The level 3 deals with the positive thinking but not well for the business organization. The use of old firewalls and anti-viruses is causing threat for the company related to the cybercrime. The level 4 of thinking deals with the thinking that does not feel good and not good for others. The use of the unsecure gateway has been a cause for the cyber-attacks in the business origination. Initiatives for mitigating problems There are various strategies and initiatives are made to mitigate the cyber security problems in the organization. The security methods of the company have to be enhanced to restrict the viruses and malwares in the server of the company. The critical resources of the company have to be maintained by the security strategies of the company in the market. The security protocols of the companies have to be upgraded. The strategies of the company in order to provide security to the data and information includes the encryption technique the data transfer in the company is done with the help of data encryption method that helps in securing the data packets from hacking (Buczak and Guven, 2016). The encryption o data is done with the help of a pattern and a key that is only known by the receiver and sender. The data and information of the company have to be secured or the success of the company in the market. The Data Protection Act 1998 has been properly implemented in the companies. This act helps in securing the personal information of the employees and other staffs of the organization (Inan et al., 2016). No personal data and information is shared with anyone without the permission. Therefore, this has helped in maintaining the security of the data and information. The installation of the anonymous software has been a big problem for the business organization. The installation of the unwanted software has been stopped that has reduced the hardware crash and other problems (Von Solms and Van Niekerk, 2013). Only the licensed software is installed in the server of the companies. Recommendations The IT solutions to the cyber-attacks in the world have become ab important agenda for the business organization in the market. The companies needs to use updated firewalls and anti-virus software that helps in restricting the dangerous viruses and malwares from entering into the database server of the company. The unauthorized users are not allowed to use the portal of the company. There is prior need of monitoring the security needs of the company. A regular checkup of the security solutions are done for analyzing the security levels of the company in the market. Conclusion It can be concluded that the cyber security has been an important part or the business organization in the market. The cyber-attacks has been the main problems to the cyber security. Various viruses and malwares are used for the attacks in the server of the company for causing data breach of the company. The use of the updated firewalls and anti-viruses software help in maintaining the security of the server from the cyber-attacks over the internet. References Amin, S., Litrico, X., Sastry, S. and Bayen, A.M., 2013. Cyber security of water SCADA systemsPart I: Analysis and experimentation of stealthy deception attacks.IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology,21(5), pp.1963-1970. Ayres, N., Maglaras, L., Janicke, H., Smith, R. and He, Y., 2016. The mimetic virus: A vector for cyber security. Buczak, A.L. and Guven, E., 2016. A survey of data mining and machine learning methods for cyber security intrusion detection.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,18(2), pp.1153-1176. Gordon, L.A., Loeb, M.P., Lucyshyn, W. and Zhou, L., 2015. Externalities and the magnitude of cyber security underinvestment by private sector firms: a modification of the Gordon-Loeb model.Journal of Information Security,6(1), p.24. Hahn, A., Ashok, A., Sridhar, S. and Govindarasu, M., 2013. Cyber-physical security testbeds: Architecture, application, and evaluation for smart grid.IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,4(2), pp.847-855. Herrera, A.V., Ron, M. and Rabado, C., 2017, June. National cyber-security policies oriented to BYOD (bring your own device): Systematic review. InInformation Systems and Technologies (CISTI), 2017 12th Iberian Conference on(pp. 1-4). IEEE. Inan, F.A., Namin, A.S., Pogrund, R.L. and Jones, K.S., 2016. Internet use and cybersecurity concerns of individuals with visual impairments.Journal of Educational Technology Society,19(1), p.28. Von Solms, R. and Van Niekerk, J., 2013. From information security to cyber security.computers security,38, pp.97-102. Wang, W. and Lu, Z., 2013. Cyber security in the Smart Grid: Survey and challenges.Computer Networks,57(5), pp.1344-1371.

Suspense In Julius Caesar Essays - Julius Caesar, Junii,

Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeare's Methods of Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeare used many techniques to build suspense in Julius Caesar, but the two events that moved the story the most, the siloqueys by Brutus and the other conspirators and Caesar's wife's dream, created the suspense up until Caesar's assassination. When the reader reads Brutus' siloquey, they feel on edge for the first time. This is a turning point in the story and the reader ponders if Brutus will join the conspirators. When he begins his speech with ?It must be his death.?(Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 49 Line 10) the reader becomes overwhelmed with shock. Since Brutus was one of the most honorable senators, the fact that he would go against his friend generates a sudden urgency in the play. After reading that Brutus deems Caesar as ?a serpent's egg, which hatched would, as his kind, grow mischievous. [We] should kill him in the shell.? the reader is anxious that Caesar will be killed shortly (Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 51 Lines 33-36). Since Brutus' speech occurred at his house, in private, Caesar rem ains totally unaware of Brutus' plan, causing the reader to scream in agony of the dramatic irony they've just read. Fortunately for Caesar, his wife has a vision of the coming day's events. Calphurnia has a dream that Caesar will be murdered the next day. During Calphurnia's dream of Caesar's death, the reader gets a feeling of the tension inside the story. Caphurina's dream, one of death and mayhem, and so vivid and graphic it causes her to scream out ?Help ho, they murder Caesar!? three times. (Act 2 Scene Pg. 75 Lines 1-3) Caesar tells Decius Brutus later ?She dreamt tonight that she saw my statue, which, like a fountain with a hundred spouts, did run pure blood; and many lusty Romans came smiling and did bathe their hands in it. And these does she apply for warnings and portents and evils imminent, and on her knee hath begged that I will stay at home today.? (Act 2 Scene 2 Pg 81 lines 81-87) Caesar truly believes that the truth of the vision and the reader believes that he will stay at home. Unfortunately, the man Caesar told his dream to happens to be aligned with Brutus. He convinces Caesar that ?This is all amiss interpreted? (Act Scene 2 Pg 81 Line 88). The reader feels the suspense because they know Caesar has just taken the bait and the conspiritors are waiting to reel him in. In conclusion, Shakespeare created such suspense using the foreshadowing by Calphurnia and the siloquey by Brutus that the reader felt an immeasurable amount of emotions that only the great playwright could ensue. Bibliography Julius Caesar William Shakespeare

Messenger by Lois Lowry

Messenger by Lois Lowry Free Online Research Papers Messenger, by Lois Lowery, is about a boy named Matty and is set in futuristic times. Matty had come to Village six years ago after fleeing a life of hardship and poverty. In his old village he had a friend with a twisted leg named Kira. After Kira’s mother had passed away Matty had gone into Forest to find her a gift so she would like him better and that was when he came upon Village. The people there were kind to him and had all come from villages like his own and were all â€Å"broken† as he liked to put it. He met a blind man there who the people called Seer and after talking to him discovered that he was his friend Kira’s father who was said to be dead. After meeting her father Kira had promised to someday come to Village and live there when the time was right, but first she had things to accomplish. Matty returned to Village with Seer to live with him. Matty was a different person than he had been then. He had been attending school where his teacher, Mentor, who was a sweet old man with a birthmark on his face and a lovely daughter named Jean, had tamed him and taught him to speak correctly and read. Matty decided that when the time came for him to receive his true name he wanted to be called the Messenger. He took messages to other villages and around his own Village often and even took messages to his old village. Forest liked him which was fortunate because he spent most of his time in it. Many people were destroyed by Forest, but the trees on the paths almost seemed to spread and usher him through. One day Matty discovered a frog that was almost dead and when he reached down to pick it up a power surged through his hands. It was a feeling he had never before felt To his surprise when he put the frog back down its almost amputated leg was repaired. Matty was frightened and although secrets had been a part of his past he didn’t want anyone to know yet. Matty knew that Leader had a gift. Leader was a young man with blue eyes who had founded Village and he could see beyond. Could Matty have a gift as well? There was a change in Village that Matty had been noticing. Mentor’s birthmark was beginning to fade and he seemed to have a different attitude. He had created a petition to close Village Matty began to notice that other people were changing too. Seer noticed a difference too. Trade Mart used to be a place where people went to trade things but it seemed more important for some reason so Matty decided to go see what was happening. People were trading themselves for other things and this alarmed him. Mentor traded something for a woman and he began to stand straighter and care less about people. Matty told Leader about this and after it had been decided that Village would close to newcomming people Matty knew that he had three weeks to go retrieve Seer’s daughter or she would never be able to come live there. Leader looked beyond into Forest and told Matty it was dangerous and Forest was thickening so Matty must hurry Matty left with the puppy he had healed named Frolic to get Kira and Forest did seem different. He seemed to lose the paths he knew so well and couldn’t catch fish as easily. Kira had a gift too. She could thread pictures of the future although they only lasted a few seconds. Leader knew this as well and told Matty to save his gift. A wall was beginning to go up around Village. When he got to Kira she knew already it was time to go and what was happening. They left the next morning. Forest was so thick now Matty had a hard time finding the path. Poison dripped from the vines and burned Matty’s arms terribly and branches lashed out and cut Kira’s legs and feet. Leader looked beyond and saw Forest preparing to destroy them and he knew he must help. By the time Leader entered Forest Matty and Kira were lost in the middle of Forest and there was a horrible stench, no food, and snakes. Leader was coming to help them but the bugs were stinging him and the vines had grasped his foot and began to hold min down. He reached out in his mind to Kira who felt his presence but was too weak to go on. Leader told her to tell Matty that they needed his gift now. Matty was so weak he didn’t think he could do it but he placed his hands on the ground and power surged through them. Matty then saw himself above the trees floating. He saw things go back to the way they had been. Leader found Kira weeping over Matty’s body and she told Leader that Matty had been hoping to get his name after this trip. Leader picked up the boy’s body and said that he would be remembered as Healer. Lowery did a great job on this book. It is very interesting and unusual. Matty sacrifices himself for the world almost as Jesus did. Terms are used differently in the story and an example is the way the characters refer to the forest as â€Å"Forest† and give it characteristics of a living creature. This makes the story different and intriguing. I would recommend this book to anyone with an imagination and an eye for adventure. Research Papers on Messenger by Lois LowryBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XTrailblazing by Eric AndersonHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyMind Travel19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationQuebec and CanadaHonest Iagos Truth through Deception

What is the purpose of interviewing and why intentional interviewing Essay

What is the purpose of interviewing and why intentional interviewing skills are important in Human Services - Essay Example The intentional interviewing process is a practical tool for analyzing the individual’s emotional variations during the conversation by a number of questions to provoke the person to speak more vividly about all the perturbing aspects of daily life. The basic point noticed in such conversations is ether the disability to express or the excessiveness of expression exhibited by the client from which the interviewer can take effective note on his psychological requirements. The ultimate purpose of an intentional interview with the client is therefore, â€Å"to respect the client, use appropriate skills and strategies, and seek to alleviate stress† (Ivery, Ivery A and Zalaquett, 12). Intentional interviewing is regarded as the basis for framing psychoanalytical approach to client’s issues related to his work or sociability concerns. In order to access the institutional stature developed in the client, the interviewer should focus on inducing the client frame stories of his actual experiences with the conditions mentioned in the issues. There must be equal emphasis from the interviewer to listen patiently to the stories of the clients about their personal encounters with the differential conditions.

Event Management ( portfolio work) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Event Management ( portfolio work) - Essay Example or the seminar Innovation without Boundaries for Summit Solvay a training firm.   The seminar will entail training participants on Simple steps to make innovation work ,myths and misconceptions about innovation, how to avoid common pitfalls of innovative thinking, best practices to quickly launch projects to prove creative concepts, how to harness existing corporate culture to drive innovation and growth. boundaries.   The main objective is to make profit from the money invested and returns on investment.   The second objective is to ensure that participants gain skills that they can easily implement in the work place.   The third objective is to ensure continued growth of organizations through adaption of latest innovation strategies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first objective will be achieved by having 200 plus participants attend the seminar. The second objective will be achieved by the quality of the presentations and interaction by the participants. A measure on the success of the seminar will be evaluated by participants being asked to respond to an evaluation questionnaire at the end of the seminar, Ramsborg et al (eds) (2008),. The success of the third objective will be assessed by the evaluation of the changes implemented in their organizations in a period of six months after the seminar.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     The seminar will take place on 25th August 2012. 8.30 am to 5.00pm at Intercontinental Hotel in London.   The target audiences for the seminar are c-level management, middle management, supervisors and all individuals involved in the innovative process in their organizations.   The seminar will give organizations a platform to discuss the strategies they need to adopt for their innovative future. embrace change and remain abreast of the competition. This is especially important for organizations that operate in more than one country. The seminar on Innovation without boundaries gives these organizations to empower its staff with cutting edge skills to

Effectiveness of Personality Tests on Indigenous People Essay Example for Free

Effectiveness of Personality Tests on Indigenous People Essay Abstract This review seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of the standard personality tests on indigenous people. The two indigenous groups focused on are Native Americans and Aboriginal Australians. Several academic sources have been researched when creating this review. What was surprisingly discovered was the overwhelming evidence that presented a bias point of view outlining mainly the inappropriateness of personality tests. Introduction The term ‘inappropriate’ is universally defined as â€Å"not suitable or proper in the circumstances† (Brown, Robert T.;Reynolds 1999). Most standard personality tests among researchers are considered to be inappropriate for use with Aboriginal people in Australia and for Native Americans in the USA. (Brown, Robert T. ;Reynolds 1999). The following psychological assessment tests can be generally misleading to indigenous Australians and Native Americans which include: MMPI-2 (Abel 1973), The Westerman Aboriginal Checklist—Youth (WASC-Y), DSM IV-TR, ICD10, the ‘Who Am I’ test and the High school adolescent Clinical Inventory(Westerman 1997). Indigenous Austrlian – Test Review. The Australian Psychological Society has set guidelines for the conduct of psychological research with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people of Australia. One of which outlines that psychologists should take into account ethnicity and culture when making professional judgements with indigenous clients (N. D 1995). However, Tracy Westerman, psychologist and Managing Director of Indigenous Psychological Services(IPS) says the standard personality tests in Australia are subject to cultural bias and are a key reason why the tests are considered inappropriate for indigenous Australians(Westerman 1997). Consequently, indigenous Australians are unfairly penalized as they don’t experience the same culture as the dominant society (Westerman 1997). As a result, these indigenous Australians are inaccurately assessed which leads to an inaccurate diagnostic decision (Vicary 2003). One way personality tests are considered inappropriate for indigenous Australians are the content provided within the tests. The test content may have high cultural loading, in which a given test requires specific knowledge or experience with mainstream culture (Vicary 2003). For example, certain phrases or words used in certain tests are a disadvantage indigenous Australians. The meaning or unfamiliarity of the terminology used presents problems with the validity of such tests such as misinterpretation (Vicary 2003). For example, Westernman explains that a â€Å"suicide does not mean that someone has killed themselves† in the Aboriginal community. It means that they were cursed (Vicary 2003). Aboriginal people also do not speak English as a native language and therefore will have difficulty comprehending the wording of the test. For those reasons mentioned, MMPI-2 has been criticized by psychologists for its validity when examining diverse cultural groups(Wettinger, M). Westerman Wettinger (1997) state that the norms of testing indigenous Australians ‘have been described as out-dated’ and need to be replaced. Westerman has pointed out that a more practical approach should be undertaken when assessing aboriginal people as it is culturally acceptable for Aboriginal people to learn verbally(Westerman 1997). For example, when working with aboriginal children, oral tests and drawings are a useful means of testing as they allow children to tell stories. This is a culturally acceptable way for Aboriginal children pass on information and important messages. The Westerman Aboriginal checklist – Youth(WASC-Y) has implemented more effective methods of testing indigenous Australians. The WASC-Y is aimed at identifying early detection of anxiety, depression, low self-esteem and suicidal behaviours for Aboriginal youths aged 13-17 (Pearson 2010). A prominent strength of the test is it does not require written competencies or numeracy skills, and is orally administered (Pearson 2010). Only an experienced psychologist who is skilled in dealing with indigenous Australians can administer the test(Pearson 2010). Although the WASC-Y has been claimed to be reliable when used to assess applicants for job positions or training programmes, companies are not enforced to use this test which is a barrier for indigenous Australians(Pearson 2010) Another major issue when considering the appropriateness of personality tests is examining whether or not the professional clinicians conducting the tests are â€Å"cross culturally competent†( Riggs, D 2004). The lack of cultural competence in past practice has been a contributing factor to the overall failure of systems of care for Aboriginal and Torres Islander Strait people (Brown, 2001; Garvey, 2007; Riggs, 2004). When utilizing standard measures, clinicians confirm to assumptions that the client is similar to the standardized population(Riggs, D 2004). This assumption is inappropriate when assessing a client from an indigenous culture. For example, Aboriginal people may not be familiar with test taking skills performed by dominant society which may also contribute to their poor performance in the test(Riggs, D 2004). Not understanding the impact of the indigenous clients cultural background could lead to inaccurate results and analysis by the clinician. It is considered the responsibility of the clinician to learn as much as possible about the client’s culture and to acknowledge any biases or prejudices they may have about the clients ethnic group(Dudgeon, P 2010). Furthermore, it is also the clinician’s responsibility to understand any historical issues relevant to Aboriginal people which may impact their lack of motivation and performance when being tested. Factors which cause this impact may include poverty, unemployment and limited educational opportunities(Dudgeon, P 2010). During the meetings between the clinicians and their indigenous clients, the clinicians should establish rapport, respect, and a therapeutic relationship with their clients(Westerman 1997). Rapport and communication problems may also exist between the clinician and the indigenous client due to different cultural backgrounds. As a result, the difficulties in rapport and communication may slow down the Aboriginals client’s ability respond to test items (Vicary 2003). For example, Westerman (1997) states that traditional psychological testing using the â€Å"question and answer† format in one on one situations presents difficulties amongst indigenous children and adults(Westerman 1997). This is because in some Aboriginal cultures, it is considered impolite to ask a question to someone who doesn’t know the answer (Westerman 1997). It is also beneficial to build rapport with indigenous clients to eliminate the ‘notion of whiteness’(Riggs 2004). This is the skeptisicm that may arise in the Aboriginal community due to the past actions of dominant society which may include taking of land or the stolen generation. Aboriginal clients may have a possible barrier of distrust toward the clinician which may be a apparent in the aboriginal community. This level of distrust may stem from any negative experiences the Aboriginal client has experienced in dominant society such as racism in their residential school or community(Riggs 2004). Indigenous American – Test Review Personality assessment services have also been considered culturally inappropriate for Native Americans living in the United States(Brown, Robert T. ;Reynolds, Cecil R. ;Whitaker, Jean S 1999). These assessments include globally recognized tests such as the MMPI and WAIS. Native Americans are said to face potential bias stemming from inappropriate test content, differential predictive validity, and bias introduced by language differences and social consequences due to labelling and prejudice (kaufman and Renolds 1983). A lack of knowledge for both the Native client and clinician increases the difficulties in finding a reliable accurate outcome of an assessment(Fuchs, D. , Young 2006). Clinicians are accused of not having enough historical knowledge about Native Americans while at the same time they assume that their Native American clients are culturally aware of how Western society operates(Fuchs, D., Young 2006). This assumption will cause difficulties for the clinician to assess a person from another culture with fairness and objectivity(Fuchs, D. , Young 2006). Psychologists in the USA have emphasised on an emic approach towards assessing Native Americans(Fuchs, D. , Young 2006). This means that only psychologists who specialize in studying and examining one particular culture would be allowed to assess that culture. It is agreed the assessor needs to build solid relationship with Native American clients while conducting an assessment(Abel 1973). This will help shape the clients expectations for the assessment interaction and possible outcomes of assessment(Abel 1973). Native Americans are said to be motivated by human value and approval rather than bureaucratic protocol. This means that structured formal situations between the assessors and the Native American client can be perceived as gratuitous and annoying to the client(Abel 1973). The relationships should be informal, based on respect and understanding, and continuous overtime (Abel 1973). In conclusion, it is evident that a culture clash between indigenous and western cultures is a major issue when performing psychological tests. While most tests gathered in this review deems psychological testing to be inappropriate, there are other tests such as the WASC-Y that specialize in understanding clients from diverse cultures which would be deemed more appropriate for use. It is also important to consider how much funding is being placed by governing bodies to develop more appropriate assessments for indigenous people.

We Must Educate Everyone About Child Abuse :: Violence Against Children

Every year more than 3 million reports of child abuse are made in the United States involving more than 6 million children. Very few people are aware of the severeness of child abuse. While some people choose to ignore it, many people are oblivious to the fact that is even exists. Unfortunately, because very few people know about the severity of the problem or do not know how to stop it, the cycle of violence will continue for generations to come. It is detrimental that the cycle stops and abused children do not grow up to be abusers. Many children are afraid to ask for help, they feel they will be hurt again or punished. It is so very important that children know it is necessary and right to seek help. Unfortunately, 90% of children abused are under the age of 12. That means that most of them are not even out of elementary school. The addition of child abuse education classes in elementary schools would provide knowledgeable information to every child about deal ing with child abuse. Education is a very key part to preventing the spread of violence. In order to really understand child abuse, it is important to know some of the main facts about child abuse. Iowa law actually defines six specific type of abuse. They are physical, emotional, sexual, denial of critical care, child prostitution, and drug exposure. Abuse happens to children of all ages and backgrounds, it affects all economic classes, races, ethnic and religious groups. It is estimated that a child is abused every 26 seconds in America. Abused children suffer emotional, social, and intellectual deficits that may be with them throughout their lives. Criminal and violent behavior, psychoses and psychiatric illness, drug and alcohol abuse, school and learning difficulties, and employment problems are all documented outcomes of child abuse. For these reasons as well as countless others, the need to stop this cycle is so very apparent. So why is more attention given to the effort of preventing child abuse? Here is one possible explanation to this question.

How Far the Press Should Be Free to Report

Discuss how far the press should be free to report what they want There are obvious reasons for restrictions on the freedom of the press. Many of these are to do with the fact that clearly there are many stories which are damaging to individuals and will have a negative effect on the life of a person or group of people. The argument that is often put forward that it is in the public interest to know what is going on and that secrets should not be kept from the public is a valid one, but there has to be a line drawn between the public interest and what the public are interested in.That line was not necessarily crossed in the publication of the photos of prince William, as it is not inconceivable that he might be the future king of England and therefore it can almost be seen as a warning of how it is and isn’t acceptable to behave for somebody in the public eye. Although there are occasions when the press report stories that they shouldn’t, it must be taken into account t hat newspapers organisations have to make money, and therefore they have to be able to write stories which will sell copies and, if they are not given that right, the general public could become bored by newspapers.The Sun’s dominance in the journalism world of Britain is all the evidence needed to prove that the public are not looking to be informed, but to be entertained, and the most entertaining stories are usually the sensational ones. Another reason why the press should not be restricted is that Britain is a democracy and so the people at the top of society should not have omnipotent powers over what can and cannot be reported to the public.If you look at the fascist dictatorships of the past, one of the greatest crimes has been the lack of freedom of speech and this is what oppresses people more than anything. I am not saying that this is a position which Britain is nearing, but we must bear in mind that one of the fundamental components of a democracy is the freedom o f speech, and as such you cannot justify taking this right away from anybody, whether they are talking to a friend or writing it in a newspaper.

Why Not Receive A Vaccine - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1794 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/08/07 Category Medicine Essay Level High school Tags: Vaccines Essay Did you like this example? Vaccines   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The invention of vaccines has impacted health care over the course of history by curing diseases, preventing sickness, and creating advancements in medical technology. Through their research, a numerous amount of scientists have contributed to the vaccinations we have today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the many diseases of the time was smallpox. Studies show that about five out of every fifteen people died from obtaining smallpox. The symptoms included a fever, severe pain, and a rash that was characterized by pustules. Most people who made it through the sickness were either left blind or had damage to the brain. As a matter of fact, the U.S. Army lost the Battle of Quebec because of this illness. Great Britains soldiers had been vaccinated, while the United States was not. The vaccine was introduced by a man named Edward Jenner in 1796, but the first person to actually use a vaccine was a farmer. His name was Benjamin Jerry and he vaccinated his family against smallpox in the 1774 epidemic. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why Not Receive A Vaccine?" essay for you Create order   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A considerable amount of people did not have any defense against sickness in the mid- 19th century. There were instances when the disease was fatal and there was absolutely no cure to help the community. Vaccines had continued to improve as time went on. In 1882, Robert Koch created a vaccine for tubercle bacillus, otherwise known as tuberculosis. Louis Pasteur then generated another one from an infected rabbit brain in 1885. He took the material from the brain and transformed the substance into a vaccine. This vaccine was used to prevent against rabies and has been developed more efficiently since then.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the early twentieth century, vaccinations were still flourishing and eradicating even more diseases. Pertussis was another dangerous illness of the time. Studies show that 142, 271 cases were said to exist. There were no vaccinations to prevent it until 1930.   The vaccine provided relief to those who had the chance of getting infected with the disease. With the medical improvements of our modern time, there were only 15,632 cases in 2006, decreasing to about 20 cases now. In 1931, the tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, and pertussis vaccines were introduced, creating an even safer environment for the communities.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Polio was a major sickness that also effected tons of people. Young children were easily infected with polio, hence the reason there were so many that died . Most did not even make it until the age of five without dying since there were no vaccinations. A vaccine was then created in 1969 by Albert Sabin. This vaccine helped tremendously with the population and increased the health of children all over the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   You may be asking, why does this matter when dealing with research? Well, without that these people, there would be no information or any of the techniques that we have today. These scientists led technology into a whole new perspective, influencing our health and safety through the invention of vaccinations. Without them, we probably would not be as healthy as we are now. Quite a few of us would be sick with a disease or even dead because of an illness. A handful of individuals question the safety of vaccines, saying that they can cause even bigger problems than there already is. Although, the whole point of having them is to ensure our health is great and to protect us from getting sick. Studies have shown that these injections do not directly give you a disease, its the side effects that occur because of receiving it. Everyone has a different immune system that may act more unusual compared to others. Whether the vaccine is dead or alive, pathogens are inserted into the body for the immune system to find a way to defend against these harmful viruses. Since 1924, more than 103 million cases of infectious diseases have been prevented because of these vaccinations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Although vaccines have created a massive impact on our health, events have happened in which they did not work properly or even at all. Contaminations occurred that resulted in many deaths and other instances came about because of no vaccination at all. The Spanish flu was destructive to the bountiful amount of people it affected. As a matter of fact, in 1918, the Spanish flu killed a grand total of over fifty million people worldwide because of no vaccination. There was one called the BCG vaccine that helped fight against tuberculosis. This Bacillus Calmette-Guerin injection was given to hundreds of people in Germany. In 1929, over one hundred children died as a result of a contamination of the dose of BCG given in Lbeck, Germany. Another phenomenon was the plan of eradicating polio. In 1988, the World Health Assembly had a plan to completely eradicate polio by the year 2000. Unfortunately, that idea did not turn out as they planned and it has been exten ded since then. Different viruses infected the disease and caused it to have more development. The vaccines have been altered to hopefully help decrease the cases of polio each year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Today, evaccinations are needed for a wide variety of things. They have improved dramatically over the centuries and continue to be enhanced as medical technology advances. Epidemiology has played a huge role in the prevention of disease. Through clinical trials, studies, and reports, scientists can help find ways to develop and alter vaccine according to the results of the experiments. In the United States, there are some laws that require the vaccination of children for school and public safety. For example, we all need certain shots when we turn a certain age to keep us healthy and to go to school. Individuals do argue that this is against civil rights and should not be tolerated, but if you think about it, the world without vaccinations would absolutely miserable. You probably would not even be able to go out in public without catching an illness. Since no one would be vaccinated, sickness would spread rapidly everywhere.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Studies show that without vaccination for measles, 2.6 million people would die each year. The population would slowly deteriorate over time, causing problems everywhere throughout the whole entire world. Other studies show that in 2012, there was more than 157,000 deaths because of measles. Receiving an immunization could have reduced this number to around 90,000. Between 2007 and 2014, 140,000 people became sick with a disease and 1,400 people died because of having no vaccination at all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Society argues that there are many risks and side effects because of immunizations. Yes, there can be both side effects and risks, but would you want to put your life in danger when there is actually something that was created to help you? Countless sicknesses and diseases have been eradicated all because of a simple injection of a dose of vaccine. The first ever to be eradicated was smallpox. It has been eliminated along with rinderpest because of vaccinations. This is how the polio epidemic has decreased over time. Prevention from the illness has created a healthy environment for those exposed to it. Hopefully in the near future, polio can be completely eradicated. There are around 6.6 million children each year that still die from infectious diseases that could be prevented through a vaccine. If they were to receive the help they need, widespread illnesses could become less of a problem and more eradications would hopefully result.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Human beings may think these injections are not monitored or maintained, but numerous organizations have been created to provide safety and watch for problems that may arise from vaccinations. One in particular is the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, also known as VAERS. This system regulates any effects that occur from the reports they obtain after a vaccine is administered. This commission also catches signals that may be the start of something new in a sickness or other disease. The World Health Organization keeps track of health around the globe and watches for potential hazards that may arise. Together with the United Nations Childrens Fund, they allowed vaccinations to become worldwide. These systems resulted in laws being put into effect for school environments. This is why we have to receive shots before even starting school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Questions arise all the time about different situations that individuals think can result as part of getting a vaccination. According to the book Do Vaccines Cause That?!, common questions involve cancer, asthma, seizures, birth defects, and even damage to the immune system. In all cases, the vaccines do not cause any of these problems. Its the things people do or the reactions to the substance that occur. Some tend to overreact when thinking about getting an immunization. The only major problem that ever occurred with cancer was the SV40 virus when the vaccine was first introduced. This resulted in the formation of some tumors, but research never really found any evidence of actual cancer. Asthma has absolutely nothing to deal with the vaccines we receive. This can either be an inherited disorder or caused by the environment. In all of the instances listed, the only real way a reaction could occur is because of the vaccine itself or symptoms in your body . For example, if youre pregnant, doctors advise which immunizations you can and cannot receive during pregnancy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Medical technology has ameliorated immensely, changing the ways of health care over the centuries. Countless scientists have created wonderful works that can improve our society for the better. Although some problems occurred, vaccines still resulted in a decrease of illness and disease around the world. Organizations modernized and renovated the ways communities can receive immunizations around the globe. These same systems provide safety and prevent hazardous problems that may occur as a result of a poor vaccination. Studies and clinical trials continue to advance these vaccines for the safety and wellness of other people. If a disease changes or a virus occurs, scientists make sure the immunization is developed enough to defend against the new agent. Individuals may have questions because of other disorders that may seem to cooperate with vaccines, but the vaccines themselves do not cause the disorder. It is the symptoms that occur that spark societys interest in the ways vaccinations make things worse. Because of these advancements in science, we have a healthier and safer world to live in today. Why not receive a vaccine? Works Cited Greenwood, Brian. The contribution of vaccination to global health: past, present, and future.   The Royal Society Publishing. The Royal Society, 14 May 2014. Web. 11 November 2018. Lombard, Michel F., et al. A brief history on vaccines and vaccination. ResearchGate. ResearchGate, 2018. Web. 11 November 2018. Myers, M.D., Martin G., and Diego Pineda. Do Vaccines Cause That?! Galveston, Texas: Immunizations for Public Health, 2008. Print.   Rooney, Anne, and David Anthram. You Wouldnt Want to Live Without Vaccinations! Great Britain: The Salariya Book Company Ltd, 2015. Print. Stern, Alexandra, and Howard Merkel. The History of Vaccines And Immunization: Familiar Patterns, New Challenges. Health Affairs. Project Hope, May 2005. Web. 11 November 2018.